Citation APA Format

In-text Citation using reference APA Format.

• According to Helen Foster (2007) by snacking the right way three times a day and combining it with three small meals, it can create a stream of biological changes in our systems that makes weight loss easier than ever before. 

• You will be able to do it without hunger pangs, energy slumps or that constant fixation with forbidden foods that you experience on traditional diet plans, and you could also transform your health from within ( Helen Foster, 2007) 

Reference (APA Format)  : 

Foster, H. (2007). Eat All Day Diet . Heron Quays, London : Octopus Publishing Group Ltd .

Helen Foster. (2007). Eat All Day Diet. Heron Quay, London: Octopus Publishing Group Ltd.

Problem Solution Assignment

English Language Proficiency

English Language Proficiency (ELP) refers to the ability to communicate in English. In the university environment ELP means proficiency in academic English, or academic literacy. This is the ability to participate effectively in a course of study delivered in English Proficiency reflects a student’s knowledge and practice (or use) of the English language. More than that, English language Proficiency is where it can achieve stated learning outcomes without requiring significant English language support and gain entry into the labour market or into a further course of study. Students need to be consistently reminded that continual development of their language proficiency is both an expectation and a necessary condition of being successful in their studies.( Learning Skills Group, Learning & Teaching Centre, Macquarie University) 

In learning and gain knowledge in order to improve English Language proficiency, of course there have many problems that occur. The problem can be a huge burden for them to study English Language to improve their proficiency. The biggest problem in learning English language is vocabulary. Particularly when it comes to verb variations and understanding which tense should be used in various situations. English has one of the biggest vocabularies of all languages, and it can be very confusing for non-English speakers to master. (Kate Wilson). Lacking in vocabulary of English Language, it is give them a big fear to proficient their English Language. 

Besides that, speaking is also be the major problem in English Language Proficiency. (Galih Ariffansyah). Speaking problem will happen if someone’s necessity does not fulfill. A problem is something that if it appears many people will get dissatisfaction. It can make trouble and difficulty for him/herself or other people, and if people procure a problem, they always want to lose it. 

To overcome this problem in order to be more proficient in English Language the person need try to use English everyday in our class, and or outside the classroom. This can stimulate our behavior to always use English as habitual even daily conversation. Keep in touch with someone who likes English too, because they have much more attention than to those who don't. (Galih Ariffansyah) . Besides that, we must have confidence in speak and dont worry if you make a grammatical error. This is because you are being assessed on various things, not just grammar. (Margaret Matthews, Felicity O'Dell, Michael Black and Carole Allsop) 

More than that, by read the language as much as possible can overcome the proficiency English Language problem. (Owen M. Williamson).   Here, it is do not mean just textbooks and assigned readings! It  mean, read things that you understand and enjoy, and that you would pick up to read even if it were in your mother language.  If you like romance novels or science fiction, read romance novels or science fiction in English. If you read the news, get the newspaper in English. If you like sports, read sports reports in English. If you study Holy Scriptures try to do so in English. 

To conclude, any problem has its own solution. It is now depends on ourselves whether want to learn it deeply or not. By learn in deeply, it can increase our proficiency in English Language. If we still being ignorant in be proficiency people in English Language of course we still at the back of people.  

References 

Margaret Matthews, F. O. (2013). Top Tips for IELTS Academic. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

University, M. (2014). Staff Guide English Proficicency. Developing Your Students English Language Proficiency , 1.

Williamson, O. M. (2009). How to Overcome English Language Problems. English Language Problem, 1.

Ariffansyah, G. (2013, April 20). Lets Study English. Retrieved December 3 , 2015, from 5 Problems in Speaking English as Foreign Language: http://englishwithgalih.blogspot.my/2013/04/5-problems-in-speaking-english-as.html

Wilson, K. (2015). Omniglot . Retrieved December 4, 2015, from 5 Biggest Challenges of Learning English: http://www.omniglot.com/language/articles/englishlearningchallenges.htm

Argumentative Process

Thesis Statement Uniform should be compulsory in everybody- Institution Academy

Uniforms show that you are part of an organisation. Wearing it says we're all in this together. Also, if you wear your uniform with pride, it means you are half way there to being respectful, buying into what the organisation is all about. ( Jason Wing, 2013)

• Consistent Appearance (Shelley Frost,2015)

 First of all, by wearing a uniform among students it creates a unified image for the institution and easily to identifiable

• Badge of Pride ( Jason King, 2013)

   Besides that, wearing a uniform is a badge of pride where it creates an identity for institution and is an important for being a student or worker. It show a part of organisation and everyone wear it all together. 

• Realize what kind of people they are ( Bill Cliaton, 1996)

  Another reason why is uniform should be compulsory to everyone is uniform are one step that may help break the cycle of violence, truancy and disorder by helping young students understand what really counts is what kind of people they are. Nowadays more academy institution districts began to adopt university uniform and stricter dress code.

• Improve Behavior ( Mayor Marian Barry, 1987) 

   More than that, by wearing a uniform in institution it helping increase class attendance because some students actually skip school to avoid embarrassment about their clothing.By wearing the uniform, they don't have to worry what kind of clothes that they should wear. 

• Reduced economic and social barriers ( Marie Anderson, 2010)

  Besides that, no peer pressure to wear expensive clothes or bullying of those who can't afford designer labels.   It removes the distractions of fashion trends and fashion competition from school hours, thereby reinforcing the educational purpose of the enterprise. It helps students focus. (Roy Latham,2015)

• For Branding ( Sharon Penn, 2015) 

  - Finally, asking to wear distinctive uniforms in the colors associated with the institution or company can go a long way to establishing an impression in the mind of outsider. Apart from that, uniforms identify students as individuals who are associated with a company or institution and its product, they help to brand institution by distinguishing it from the competition. 

To conclude, wearing a uniform in the institution give more pros than contrast. Students should wear uniform in order to establish their own institution. 

Process Finding Citation And References

TOPIC : VIOLENCE IN RELATIONSHIP

1.    

            INTRODUCTION

A.    Hook/ Attention Getter

According to Vivian and O’Leary (1987) found that violent relationships were more likely to express negative feelings to one another.

B.    General statement

Relationship abuse reffering to the pattern of abusive and coercive behaviors used to maintain power and control over a former or current intimate partner.

C.   Story Line

Violence (physical actions that could potentially lead to injury to hurt) occurs in many forms in our society today. Violence can be found within the family and in romantic relationships. Some parents use spanking or other form as a way of punishment children (Gershoff, 2002). Siblings often use violence with one another. Couples may hit or slap each other or use other form of behavior that would technically be classified as violence. Other forms of violence within relationship include acquaintance rapes and marital rape. Child abuse and incest are other forms of family violence.

D.   Thesis Statement

The impulsive or undercontrolled batterers types of abuser.       

      2.    BODY

A.    Topic Sentence 1

-       Firstly, it was often associated with jealousy.

1.    Supporting Point 1

-       The aggression was upsetting for these men/women.

a.    Sub-Supporting Point 1

-       The abuser will question the victim about who the victims talks to, accuse the victim of flirting, or become jealous of time spend with others.

b.    Sub-Supporting Point 1

-       Men are generally less likely to show strong negative psychological or emotional reactions to being assaulted whereas women are more likely to have negative reactions to being assaulted (Acierno, Kilpatrick, & Resnick, 1999)

2.    Supporting Point 2

-       Pain is a form of frustration that can lead to aggression in animals and humans (Berkowitz, 1993).

a.    Sub-Supporting Point 2

-       Such aggression can be seen in controlled laboratory conditions and in natural settings in everyday life.

b.    Sub-Supporting Point 2

-       Aggression is a frequent response to pain, it is also associated in human and animals with attempts to escape the situation or the person causing the pain (Berkowitz, 1993).

B.    Topic Sentence 2

-       Secondly, economic hardship and unemployment can increase levels of aggressiveness.

1.    Supporting Sentence 1

-       Argues that a wide variety of unpleasant or frustrating feelings can lead to anger and aggression.

a.    Sub-Supporting Point 1

-       When others are angry at us or blame us for something, we respond with anger toward them.

b.    Sub-Supporting Point 1

-       Marital violence on so goes up when men are unemployed and when men or women are experiencing high levels of job strain (Fox, Benson, DeMaris & Van Wyk, 2002).

2.    Supporting Point 2

-       The person who is provoking someone else may not perceive his or her behavior as unreasonable, and may be surprised at the aggressive response.

a.    Sub-Supporting Point 2

-       The provoker may, instead, describe his or her behavior or impulsive or as due to some mitigating circumstance (Baumeister et al., 1990).

b.    Sub-Supporting Point 2

-       The person being provoked is more likely to see initiating events as unjustified, immoral, or deliberately cruel harmful.

3.    CONCLUSION

-       Although many people are working on finding ways to reducing or ending violence in the family and sexual assault, non of these treatment programs yet receive strong empirical support as being effective in producing long term change. Efforts being made include non violent socialization of children, rape prevention programs and treatment of sex offenders.

REFERENCES

Hurting the One You Love, Violence in Relationships, 2005, Irene Hanson Frieze.

Outlining Assignment

Haze Problem in Malaysia.

Introduction
 1- Haze is an atmosphere phenomenon where dust, smoke and other particles obscure the clarity of the sky.
2- Haze can be categories into fog, ice fog, steam fog, mist, smoke, volcanic ash, dust, sand and snow.
3- The problem of haze is caused by smoke from factory, and also from by forest fires in Indonesia lately. (BBC News.com, 2015) Because of this, they give many bad effects to the people around Indonesia.

 Body

 Sentence 1 – One of the causes of haze nowadays is open burning in Indonesia. (BBC News.com 2015)

 1- As we know, in Indonesia, every year, they will burn their forest in order to plant another tree and to give their soil health
2- The fires are said to be caused by corporations as well as small-scale farmers who use the slash-and burn method to clear vegetation for palm oil, pulp and paper plantations. (BBC News 2015 3- But the issue has persisted, especially as plantations have expanded, driven in large part by rising global demand for palm oil, a key ingredient in a vast range of everyday consumer products ( abc.net news, 2015)

 Sentence 2- The second causes of haze is smoke from factory. (Infosihat.gov)

1 - Increase many factory and insensitivity the industrial is the main factor the burning of fuels in factories widespread. (WomenOnlineMagazine,my 2014)
 The factories do not install filters on factory chimneys, which resulted in the release of toxic gases, fumes and dust may affect their health problems. (WomenOnlineMagazine,my 2014)

 Sentence 3- Because of this, it has given various adverse health effects to community.

1- Haze particles can affect the heart and lungs, especially in people who already have chronic heart or lung disease e.g. asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or heart failure. (Ministry of Health Singapore, 2015)
2- Besides that the short term effect also can occur such as throat irritation, dry throat, sore throat and coughing. ( Bliss Air, 2015) Conclusion a)

 Conclusion

To conclude, the bad haze can give our body seriously affected. b) To avoid that happen to our body, we must also take a good care of our family and our self. These issues need to be settle before many serious health problems occur.
 Reference.

- Haze from Indonesia causes Pollution Spike in Malaysia. Retrieved from http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-09-27/smoke-from-indonesia-causes-air-pollution-spike-in-malaysia/6808080
- Health effects of haze. Retrieved from http://blissair.com/health-effects-of-haze.htm
-Fenomena Jerebu Di Malaysia. Retrieved from http://www.wom.my/kesihatan/fenomena-jerebu-di-malaysia/
 -Press Room. FAQ: Impact of Haze on Health (Updated 20 March 2015). Retrieved from https://www.moh.gov.sg/content/moh_web/home/pressRoom/Current_Issues/2014/haze/faq--impact-of-haze-on-health.html
- What causes South East Asia’s Haze. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-34265922

Paraphrasing Exercise 3 & 4

Practice 3 

2 - According to Choo, the clear of the tropical forest has carried about disastrous effect to the environment.

3 - The learning of the school is different from the education in university. The scholar learn many info from lectures of various expertness

Practice 4 

1- By Teo Kim Mun, since animals split many countennace with humans, scientist use animals to the test the safety of reinforce the drug before experiment it on small group of people.

2 - Teenagers today too easy to lost their concentration on book because they have short approaches. It is harder for them to focus on books for 30 minutes, they rather choose the television more than books.

Outlining Practice

PRACTICE 2

Topic 
Striving for A Better Life Through Better Air Quality

Thesis Statement
The only way to effectively improve air quality is for every country around the world to play a significant role in controlling air pollution.

Main Ideas And Supporting Ideas

A - Governments should encourage research and development (R&D) work
      1- Hybrid and electric cars
      2- Alternatives to fossil fuels

B - Governments should organise environmental campaigns
       1- Recycling
       2 - Car Pooling

C - Governments should implement regulations to control air pollution
       1 - Environmental Law
       2 - Tax relief for compliant industries
     

Topic
Benefits of Keeping Fit

Thesis Statement
There are several benefits that we can enjoy when we keep our body healthy.

Main Ideas and Supporting Ideas

A - One can maintain good physical health
       1 - Build up body's resistance to diseases
       2 - Improve the cardiovascular system
       3 - Strengthen the muscular system

B - One can maintain good mental health
       1- Increase mental alertness
       2 - Reduce stress

C - One can maintain a good disposition or temperament
       1 - Release endorphins, the "happy" hormones
       2 - Develop a positive attitude
       3 - Improve concentration

Topic 
Types of Leadership

Thesis Statement
A leader may display one of, or a combination of the three kinds of leadership.

Main Ideas and Supporting Ideas

A - A leader may show democratic leadership
       1 - Strives for the cooperation of every subordinates
       2 - Puts decisions to a vote subordinates
       
B - A leader may show paternal leadership
       1 - Influences by setting a good examples
       2 - Acts like a father
       3 - Give guidance, advice and instructions

C - A leader may show autocratic leadership 
       1 - Feels he should be the only one making decisions
       2 - Feels he should be the only one giving orders
       3 - Believes he is the only one having superior wisdom

PRACTICE 3

Thesis Statement
There are several benefits that we can enjoy when we keep our body healthy.

Thesis Statement with Predictors 
There are several benefits that we can enjoy when we keep our body healthy which are can maintain good physical health, can maintain good mental health and can maintain a good disposition or temperament.

Thesis Statement

A leader may display one of, or a combination of the three kinds of leadership. 

Thesis Statement with Predictors 

A leader may display one of, or a combination of the three kinds of leadership in office such as a leader who show a democratic style, a leader who may show a paternal leadership style and a leader who may show an autocratic style leadership. 

Benefit Internet

General Statement

Nowadays, many people have using an internet to connect with people and do their work. As we know, the internet also a helpful technology to improve our knowledge. This is due to the fact that, with the internet we can surf many things, know the latest news and apart from that also can do an online shopping. Moreover, internet is known as a basic in our daily life. The internet is a global system that everyone used nowadays. It is used to to link the several billion devices worldwide.

Thesis Statement

Be student is a part of our life. As we can see, student today more prefer an internet to study, to search the info and so on. Besides that, teacher and lecturer also preferred the learning through the internet because it is easier and convenient,  There are many benefit of using an internet in student daily life. Internet can help student in many ways to fulfill their task. 

Introduction

 Nowadays, many people have using an internet to connect with people and do their work. As we know, the internet also a helpful technology to improve our knowledge. This is due to the fact that, with the internet we can surf many things, know the latest news and apart from that also can do an online shopping. Moreover, internet is known as a basic in our daily life. The internet is a global system that everyone used nowadays. It is used to to link the several billion devices worldwide. (GS).Be student is a part of our life. As we can see, student today more prefer an internet to study, to search the info and so on. Besides that, teacher and lecturer also preferred the learning through the internet because it is easier and convenient,  There are many benefit of using an internet in student daily life. Internet can help student in many ways to fulfill their task. (TS)